Can ringworm cause hair loss?

The infection may produce itchy, scaly areas with short broken hairs, tenderness, redness, or small patches where hair looks thinner. Hair loss from scalp ringworm is different from gradual pattern thinning and from smooth, sharply defined patches of alopecia areata. The scalp may also develop swelling or crusting when inflammation is stronger. Prompt assessment matters because untreated infection can extend to other areas and may leave longer-lasting follicle damage.

Arrange a dermatology assessment if you notice patchy loss with scaling or itch. A clinician may examine the scalp and sample skin or hair when the diagnosis is uncertain. Scalp infection generally needs medicine that reaches the hair follicles; creams alone may not be enough. Avoid sharing combs, hats, towels, or pillowcases, and wash these items regularly. Check household members and pets for suspicious patches, because spread can occur through close contact.

Seek prompt medical care for painful swelling, pus, fever, rapidly spreading redness, or a very tender boggy area of scalp. Arrange evaluation soon for a child with patchy hair loss, broken hairs, or scalp scaling, as infection can spread and inflammation may harm follicles. Hair loss without scalp changes can have other causes, including telogen effluvium, traction alopecia, or pattern hair loss.

Could this be scalp ringworm or another cause of hair loss? Do I need a scalp or hair sample? How should close contacts, household items, and pets be checked? When should new hair growth be expected after treatment?