COVID catarrh and mucus: what to know

Catarrh describes excess mucus or the feeling of mucus collecting in the nose, throat, or back of the mouth. During COVID-19, irritated nasal and throat lining can produce a blocked or runny nose, throat clearing, cough, altered smell, or a mucus sensation. The colour of mucus alone does not identify its cause. Allergic rhinitis, sinusitis, chronic sinusitis, acid reflux, and chronic cough can also cause similar symptoms, especially when symptoms continue after a respiratory infection has settled.

Drink fluids, use saline nasal spray or rinse as directed, and avoid smoke and other irritants. A humidified room may feel soothing, but keep devices clean and avoid burns from hot steam. Rest your voice and try not to forcefully clear your throat, which can increase irritation. If allergy or reflux symptoms seem relevant, a clinician or pharmacist can advise on suitable treatment. Test and follow local infection-control guidance if COVID-19 is suspected.

Seek urgent help for difficulty breathing, swelling of the lips or throat, confusion, or inability to swallow fluids. Arrange an assessment if symptoms are severe, keep worsening, last beyond the expected recovery period, or include facial pain, swelling around an eye, repeated nosebleeds, or a cough that disrupts sleep. Persistent throat clearing may need review for reflux, allergy, or sinus disease.

Does my pattern fit postnasal drip, allergy, sinusitis, or reflux? Would a nasal treatment be suitable? How long should I monitor symptoms? Which warning signs mean I need an examination?