Very stuffy nose: what should you know?

A Common Cold can cause temporary congestion with sneezing, throat irritation or cough. Allergic Rhinitis and House Dust Mite Allergy often bring repeated blockage, itching and clear discharge, especially around a trigger. Sinusitis may add facial pressure, reduced smell and thicker mucus; Chronic Sinusitis lasts longer or returns repeatedly. Some people have congestion mainly at night, and Obstructive Sleep Apnoea should be considered when loud snoring, witnessed breathing pauses or unrefreshing sleep occur. A blocked nose can also be worsened by dry air, smoke or frequent use of certain decongestant sprays.

Drink fluids, avoid smoke, and try saline spray or a saline rinse made with safe water and clean equipment. Elevating the head slightly during sleep may help drainage. If allergy is suspected, reduce exposure to the trigger and ask a pharmacist about Allergy Medication that fits your age, pregnancy status and other medicines. Follow package directions for any nasal decongestant; prolonged use can make blockage rebound. Seek advice before treatment if you have glaucoma, high blood pressure or other relevant conditions.

Get urgent help for severe breathing difficulty, swelling around an eye, confusion, a severe headache with neck stiffness, or a sudden blockage after an injury. Arrange medical review when blockage is one-sided and persistent, accompanied by repeated nosebleeds, severe facial pain, fever, or reduced vision. Speak with a clinician if snoring and breathing pauses disturb sleep or if symptoms keep returning despite sensible measures.

Does the pattern fit allergy, a cold, sinusitis or a structural cause? Should I use a saline rinse, steroid spray or another option? How long is it safe to use a decongestant, and do my sleep symptoms need assessment?