Something for an itchy scalp

Fine white or greasy flakes can occur with dandruff or seborrheic dermatitis. Thick, sharply defined plaques may suggest scalp psoriasis. Small tender bumps around hairs can occur with folliculitis. Intense itch with nits attached to hairs may point to head lice, while broken hairs, scaling, or patchy loss can occur with scalp ringworm.

New dye, shampoo, oil, or styling product can irritate the scalp or trigger contact dermatitis. The pattern, timing, and visible changes matter more than itch intensity alone.

Wash with lukewarm water and a gentle, fragrance-free cleanser, and rinse products thoroughly. Avoid scratching, tight hairstyles, and products that sting. A pharmacist can help you choose a medicated shampoo when flaking is present; follow its label directions and allow the product to contact the scalp as directed.

Do not share brushes, hats, towels, or bedding if lice or ringworm is possible. Stop a newly introduced product and keep a note of triggers. A clinician may need to examine the scalp or test a scale, hair, or pustule before selecting treatment.

Arrange medical care for spreading redness, painful pus-filled bumps, crusting, fever, swollen glands, marked tenderness, patchy hair loss, or a rash around the eyes. Prompt review is especially useful when a child has broken hairs or extensive scale, because scalp infections can need prescription treatment.

Seek urgent help for facial swelling, breathing difficulty, or a rapidly spreading reaction after a product. Book an appointment when itch lasts despite sensible product changes or keeps disturbing sleep.

Do the flakes, bumps, or hair changes suggest dandruff, psoriasis, folliculitis, lice, or ringworm? Which shampoo is suitable, and how should I use it? Should household contacts be checked?