What should you know about side bald spot?

A smooth, clearly defined patch can be a presentation of alopecia areata, an immune-related form of hair loss. A scaly, itchy or tender area with broken hairs may point toward scalp ringworm, which needs medical treatment. Tight hairstyles, extensions or repeated tension can cause traction alopecia near the temples and sides. The location alone cannot identify the cause, and one condition should not be assumed from a patch.

Take a clear photograph and note when the patch began, whether it is growing, and whether there is itch, scale, pain or broken hair. Loosen hairstyles and avoid chemical or heat stress on the area. Do not share combs, brushes, hats or pillows if infection is possible. A clinician may inspect the scalp and hairs and decide whether testing or prescription treatment is needed. Hair transplant is not a first step while active inflammation or infection remains unexplained.

Arrange a timely appointment for a new or enlarging patch, scalp scale, crusting, pain, pus, swollen glands or hair loss in other areas. Seek faster assessment when a child has a patch with scale or when several household members have similar symptoms, because scalp infection can spread.

Ask which features distinguish alopecia areata, scalp ringworm and traction, whether testing is needed, and how to protect the remaining hair while the cause is treated.