Red and itchy scalp: what to know

Flaking near oily areas may occur with [Dandruff](/conditions/dandruff/) or [Seborrheic Dermatitis](/conditions/seborrheic-dermatitis/). Thick, sharply outlined scale can occur with [Scalp Psoriasis](/conditions/scalp-psoriasis/). Small tender bumps around hairs may fit [Folliculitis](/conditions/folliculitis/), while intense itch with nits or close-contact spread raises the possibility of [Head Lice](/conditions/head-lice/). A scalp examination is more useful than guessing from itch alone.

Use lukewarm water, a gentle cleanser, and clean towels. Stop any newly introduced dye, fragrance, oil, or styling product until the cause is clearer. Avoid scratching and keep fingernails short to reduce skin damage. If lice are suspected, inspect close to the scalp and avoid sharing combs, brushes, hats, or bedding; treatment should follow advice about [Head Lice Treatment](/treatments/medical-dermatology/head-lice-treatment/). For scaling conditions, a clinician may discuss [Medicated Shampoo Treatment](/treatments/medical-dermatology/medicated-shampoo-therapy/).

Arrange prompt care for painful pus-filled bumps, spreading warmth, fever, swollen glands, or new hair loss. Seek urgent help if scalp swelling accompanies facial swelling, breathing difficulty, or a widespread reaction after a product or medicine. Persistent itch that disrupts sleep or fails to improve also warrants examination.

Do you see scale, lice, follicle inflammation, or another pattern? Which products should I stop? Would a medicated shampoo or lice treatment be appropriate, and when should I return if the itch continues?