What should you know about nits on scalp?

Nits are small eggs cemented to individual hairs, often close to the scalp. Unlike loose dandruff or product residue, they do not brush away easily. Finding live crawling lice supports a diagnosis of [Head Lice](/conditions/head-lice/); empty egg cases may remain after an infestation has cleared.

An itchy scalp can occur with lice, but itching can also have other causes. [Itchy Scalp](/symptoms/itchy-scalp/) or [Itching Worse At Night](/symptoms/itching-worse-at-night/) should be interpreted alongside a close scalp examination rather than used alone to identify lice.

Use bright light and separate the hair in small sections. A fine-toothed detection comb on wet, conditioned hair can help find live lice and remove eggs. Check household members and close contacts, but do not apply a lice product unless the instructions and diagnosis fit.

Wash or isolate recently used hair items and avoid sharing combs, hats, pillows, or brushes. A pharmacist or clinician can explain [Head Lice Treatment](/treatments/medical-dermatology/head-lice-treatment/) and whether repeat application or combing is needed.

Arrange a [GP Consultation](/treatments/consultations-and-assessment/gp-consultation/) when you cannot tell whether the particles are nits, treatment has not worked, or scratching has caused sores. Seek prompt care for spreading redness, pus, marked swelling, or a child who seems unwell. Avoid harsh chemicals and essential oils on the scalp.

Ask whether live lice are present, which treatment matches the person's age and health, how to comb effectively, and when close contacts should be checked again.