Mets brain tumour: what to know

A brain metastasis is different from a primary Brain Tumour because it began elsewhere in the body. One or more deposits may irritate brain tissue, cause swelling or affect nearby functions. Possible effects include headache, nausea, seizures, weakness, balance problems, confusion, speech difficulty or changes in vision, but some metastases are found on imaging before symptoms appear. An MRI Scan is commonly used to show the number, size and position of lesions and the surrounding swelling.

Treatment is selected after reviewing the original cancer, the brain findings and the rest of the body. Options may include Radiotherapy, Stereotactic Radiosurgery, Brain Tumour Surgery or medicines such as Chemotherapy. Steroids or anti-seizure medicines may be used for specific symptoms.

Tell your oncology team about every neurological change, even if it comes and goes. Take medicines exactly as prescribed and ask before driving if you have had a seizure, fainting episode or significant visual change. Bring a current medicine list to appointments. Ask whether the treatment plan aims to control swelling, remove a lesion, treat several areas or manage cancer throughout the body. Rehabilitation, emotional support and palliative care can be included alongside tumour-directed treatment.

Call emergency services for a first seizure, a seizure lasting longer than expected, sudden one-sided weakness, new facial drooping, inability to speak, severe confusion, collapse or a sudden severe headache. Seek urgent medical advice for repeated vomiting, worsening drowsiness, a new walking difficulty or rapidly changing vision. These symptoms need assessment because swelling or bleeding can affect brain function.

How many lesions are present and where are they located? Is there swelling? What is the purpose of the recommended treatment? Do I need steroids or seizure prevention? Should the primary cancer treatment change? Which symptoms require emergency help?