Getting irregular periods: what to know

A cycle may be irregular when bleeding arrives unpredictably, is absent for a while, or changes in flow. Anovulation can prevent the usual monthly release of an egg. Polycystic Ovary Syndrome, perimenopause and premature ovarian insufficiency are other possible explanations. Pregnancy, thyroid problems, major stress, weight change, intense exercise and some medicines can also alter bleeding. The pattern alone cannot identify one cause.

Record the first day of each bleed, its length, flow, pain, spotting, medicines, contraception and pregnancy possibility. Arrange an appointment if the change continues, returns after regular cycles, or concerns you. Assessment may include a pregnancy test, blood tests or an examination guided by your history. Treatment depends on the cause and goals; options can include the Combined Pill or Metformin for PCOS when clinically appropriate.

Get urgent advice for very heavy bleeding, faintness, severe pelvic pain, fever, or bleeding during pregnancy. Arrange prompt review for bleeding after sex, bleeding between periods, or a long gap with symptoms such as new facial hair, milky discharge, hot flushes or persistent headaches. A clinician can decide whether these signs need faster investigation.

Ask what causes fit your pattern, whether pregnancy or hormone tests are needed, how contraception may affect bleeding, and which treatment protects your health while matching your pregnancy plans.