What should you know about foot hallux rigidus?

Hallux rigidus affects the joint where the big toe meets the foot. The joint may become stiff, swollen, and painful when the toe bends during walking, stairs, or push-off. A bump on top of the joint can rub against shoes. A clinician checks toe movement, tenderness, footwear pressure, walking mechanics, and may use an X-ray to assess joint changes. [Toe Pain](/symptoms/toe-pain/) and broader [Foot Pain](/symptoms/foot-pain/) can have other causes, so the examination matters.

Choose shoes with a wide toe box and a sole that does not force the big toe to bend sharply. Reduce activities that repeatedly trigger joint pain, then build back gradually if movement is comfortable. A clinician may discuss [Custom Orthotics](/treatments/non-surgical-orthopedics/custom-orthotics/) or a [Cortisone Injection](/treatments/non-surgical-orthopedics/cortisone-injection/) for selected situations. These options have different purposes and limitations; treatment should match the joint findings and your goals.

Book an assessment when stiffness is progressing, footwear is becoming difficult, or pain changes how you walk. Seek prompt care after an injury with severe swelling, deformity, inability to bear weight, numbness, or a cold or discoloured toe. If non-surgical measures do not provide enough function, a specialist can explain whether [Joint Fusion Surgery](/treatments/reconstructive-orthopedic-surgery/joint-fusion-surgery/) is relevant.

How much joint movement remains? What footwear shape would reduce pressure? Is an orthotic likely to change toe loading? What are the aims and limits of an injection? Which activities are suitable now?