Flu and pneumonia vaccines: what should you know?

The flu vaccine is updated and selected to protect against influenza viruses expected in a given season. Pneumonia vaccination may protect against particular bacteria that can cause serious lung infection; it does not cover every cause of pneumonia. Recommendations can depend on age, pregnancy, long-term lung or heart disease, immune status, smoking, previous vaccination, and local health guidance. A vaccine lowers the chance of the infection it targets but cannot guarantee that every respiratory illness will be prevented.

Tell the healthcare professional about allergies, previous vaccine reactions, pregnancy, immune treatment, and any illness today. Ask whether you need one vaccine or more than one, and whether they can be given in the same visit. Afterward, rest if your arm is sore and drink normally. Mild tiredness, a low fever, chills, or aching can occur. Keep the appointment record so future doses can be planned accurately. Vaccination does not treat an existing flu or pneumonia infection.

Seek emergency care for swelling of the throat or face, difficulty breathing, widespread hives, collapse, or severe dizziness soon after vaccination. Contact a clinician for symptoms that are severe, persistent, or worsening, especially chest pain, breathlessness, or a cough with phlegm. Do not assume significant breathing symptoms are a normal vaccine response.

Which vaccine is recommended for me, and why? Have I had the relevant vaccine before? Can the flu and pneumonia vaccines be given together? What reactions are expected? Should I delay vaccination because I am currently unwell?