What should you know about a COVID-19 result?

A positive result indicates that the test detected evidence of COVID-19. A negative result means the target was not detected in that sample, but infection can be missed when testing is too early, the sample is inadequate or the test has lower sensitivity. An invalid result is not a negative result: it means the process did not give a reliable answer. Symptoms such as cough, fever, headache or fatigue can provide important context. A result cannot by itself show how severe illness will become.

Read the instructions and report carefully, noting the test type and date. With a positive result, reduce close contact, improve airflow and follow current local advice. With a negative result but continuing symptoms, consider repeat testing or speak with a clinician about another explanation and whether further testing is appropriate. If the result is invalid, follow the testing service's advice about recollection. People at higher risk of severe disease should seek advice early after a positive result.

Seek urgent help for severe difficulty breathing, persistent chest pain, new confusion, inability to stay awake, or blue or grey lips. Request prompt assessment if you are getting worse, cannot drink enough, or develop increasing breathlessness. A clinician may need to examine you for complications such as pneumonia.

Ask whether the result fits your symptoms, if repeat testing is needed, what precautions apply, and which warning signs should bring you back for review.