How to Counter Acid Reflux

Acid reflux occurs when stomach contents move upward into the oesophagus, causing burning, a sour taste, regurgitation, throat irritation, or cough. It can be worse after a large or late meal, when lying down, or when pressure on the abdomen increases. A hiatus hernia can contribute, and excess body weight may worsen pressure-related reflux. Some people notice symptoms after spicy or fatty food, coffee, chocolate, mint, alcohol, or fizzy drinks, but triggers vary.

Reflux can also disturb sleep and cause a hoarse voice or repeated throat clearing. Chest tightness should not automatically be attributed to reflux because heart and lung problems can feel similar.

Try smaller meals, avoid eating close to bedtime, and remain upright after eating. Raise the head end of the bed if night symptoms continue; extra pillows may bend the body and be less helpful. Identify personal triggers in a short food and symptom diary. Avoid smoking, and ask a pharmacist about an antacid or other reflux medicine if lifestyle measures are not enough. Take prescribed medicines as directed and check before using them regularly.

Book a review if reflux is frequent, disrupts sleep, causes persistent cough, or does not improve with sensible measures. Seek urgent help for crushing or severe chest pain, pain spreading to the arm or jaw, faintness, marked breathlessness, vomiting blood, or black stools. Difficulty swallowing, food sticking, repeated vomiting, or unexplained weight loss also needs prompt assessment.

Ask whether your symptoms fit acid reflux, whether a hiatus hernia or another condition should be considered, how long to try treatment, and which warning signs require urgent care.