Can anaemia be prevented?

Anaemia means the blood cannot carry oxygen as effectively as it should. Iron deficiency may follow low intake, poor absorption or ongoing blood loss. Vitamin B12 or folate deficiency has different causes. Chronic kidney disease can reduce signals that support red blood cell production, while thalassaemia is inherited and cannot be prevented through diet. Finding the type matters because iron is not the right treatment for every cause.

Eat a varied diet containing iron and vitamin B12 sources, with advice from a clinician if you follow a restricted diet. Do not start iron tablets simply because you feel tired; excess iron can be harmful and the cause of anaemia should be checked. Ask about heavy periods, digestive symptoms, pregnancy, blood donation and medicines that may contribute to blood loss. Treating an underlying condition, such as chronic kidney disease, may reduce recurrence.

Book an appointment for persistent tiredness, breathlessness on ordinary activity, dizziness, paleness, headaches or unusual cravings. Seek urgent help for chest pain, fainting, severe breathlessness, black stools or heavy bleeding. A blood count and targeted tests can identify the pattern and guide treatment.

Which type of anaemia do I have? Could blood loss, kidney disease, diet or absorption be involved? Do I need iron, vitamin B12 or another treatment, and how will we monitor it?