Body aches and feeling tired: what to know

Influenza, COVID-19, dengue fever, malaria and brucellosis may cause aching alongside fever, chills or a general feeling of illness. Poor sleep, emotional strain, overtraining and dehydration can also leave muscles sore and energy low. Fibromyalgia may combine widespread pain with unrefreshing sleep. Hypothyroidism can contribute to low energy, muscle aches, constipation, dry skin or feeling cold. Long COVID is another possibility when symptoms continue after COVID-19 and fluctuate with activity.

Keep activity gentle and paced: short tasks with rest between them are often easier than a burst followed by a long recovery. Drink regularly, eat simple nourishing meals and keep a consistent sleep and wake time. Avoid using repeated intense exercise to test your energy. Record sleep quality, temperature, pain locations, medicines, recent infection and what happens after activity; this gives a clinician a clearer pattern.

Seek urgent help for severe breathlessness, chest pressure, fainting, confusion, new weakness on one side, inability to stay awake, or severe dehydration. Arrange prompt care for persistent fever, a spreading rash, jaundice, dark urine or symptoms after travel where malaria occurs. Book an appointment if fatigue lasts, worsens, affects work or self-care, or comes with weight change, palpitations, disturbed sleep or repeated infections.

Ask whether your symptoms suggest infection, thyroid changes, a sleep problem or a pain condition, and whether an examination or tests are appropriate. Bring a list of medicines and explain your sleep, activity tolerance, diet, travel and recent illnesses.