What should you know about wound closure stitches?

Stitches, also called sutures, are used when a cut has edges that need support to meet while healing. A clinician first checks the depth, location, contamination, bleeding, sensation, movement, and circulation around the injury. Some wounds are not suitable for immediate closure, particularly when they are dirty, crushed, or infected. Local anaesthetic such as lidocaine may be used to numb the area before cleaning and repair. Stitches can be absorbable or need removal later; the choice depends on the body area, tension on the skin, and the type of wound.

Follow the wound-care instructions given by the treating team, including when to remove or change the dressing and when the wound may get wet. Keep hands clean before touching the area. Avoid pulling at the stitches, soaking the wound, or activities that stretch the repaired skin until you have been advised it is safe. Take prescribed pain relief as directed. Keep the planned follow-up appointment because a clinician may need to inspect healing or remove non-absorbable stitches. Protect the wound from friction and sun while it heals.

Seek urgent care if bleeding does not stop with firm direct pressure, the wound edges separate, or you lose feeling or movement beyond the injury. Prompt review is needed for spreading redness, warmth, swelling, worsening pain, pus, an unpleasant smell, fever, or red streaks from the wound. Return for assessment after a bite, puncture, dirty injury, or outdoor injury if tetanus protection has not been discussed. Emergency care is needed for uncontrolled bleeding or a wound with deep structures visible.

Ask what type of stitches were used, whether they need removal, and how to arrange that appointment. Confirm the dressing plan, limits on work or sport, and what changes should lead you to return sooner. Ask whether tetanus vaccination is recommended for the injury and whether a scar-care plan is appropriate after the skin has healed.