Why does giardiasis cause abdominal pain?

Giardia is a parasite that can infect the small intestine after contaminated food, water or surfaces are swallowed. It can disturb the intestinal lining and make digestion less efficient. This may lead to cramping, bloating, excess wind, diarrhoea, nausea, or stools that are loose and difficult to flush. Abdominal Pain is a common presentation of Giardiasis.

Abdominal pain has many other causes, including viral illness, constipation, food intolerance and conditions needing urgent treatment. The location of pain, bowel changes, travel or exposure history, and hydration all matter during assessment.

Take regular sips of fluid, especially if diarrhoea is present, and choose food that feels manageable while your stomach settles. Wash hands carefully after using the toilet and before preparing food. Avoid preparing food for others while you have diarrhoea where possible.

Arrange medical advice if diarrhoea or cramps persist, if you have recently travelled or been exposed to untreated water, or if someone close to you has similar symptoms. Testing a stool sample can help confirm the cause, and a clinician may prescribe treatment when appropriate.

Seek urgent care for severe or worsening abdominal pain, a rigid or markedly swollen abdomen, blood in the stool, repeated vomiting that prevents fluids staying down, fainting, confusion, or signs of dehydration such as very little urine and marked dizziness. Infants, older adults and people with weakened immunity should be assessed early when diarrhoea is significant.

Ask whether a stool test is appropriate, whether you need medicine for a confirmed infection, and how to prevent passing a gastrointestinal infection within the household. Mention recent travel, childcare contact, swimming, drinking water sources and any weight change.