Why does earwax buildup cause hearing loss?

Sound normally travels through the ear canal to vibrate the eardrum. A dense wax plug can act as a physical barrier, so voices, television or phone calls may sound quieter or muffled. Hearing Loss is a very common presentation of Earwax Buildup. This does not mean every new hearing change is due to wax: infections, fluid, noise injury and conditions affecting the inner ear can also reduce hearing.

Some people also notice fullness, their own voice sounding different, itch, tinnitus or mild discomfort. Hearing changes in only one ear still deserve an examination if they do not resolve promptly.

Avoid cotton buds, metal tools and ear candles. They can compact wax further or damage the ear canal and eardrum. A pharmacist can advise whether softening drops may be suitable; seek professional advice first if there is discharge, pain, prior ear surgery or a known perforated eardrum. A clinician can examine the canal and recommend a safe removal approach if wax is confirmed.

Keep note of whether the change was sudden or gradual, one-sided or both-sided, and whether it came with dizziness, ringing or pain. Bring hearing aids or details of their use to the appointment.

Seek urgent medical assessment for a sudden hearing change, especially in one ear, or hearing loss with severe dizziness, facial weakness, severe headache, injury, bleeding or discharge. Book a routine review for persistent muffled hearing, recurring blockage, or difficulty following conversations despite simple measures.

Is wax blocking the canal, and can you see the eardrum? Is it safe for me to use softening drops? If wax removal does not restore hearing, what assessment should happen next?