Why does COVID-19 cause cough?

Cough is a very common presentation of COVID-19. It may be dry, or it may bring up mucus, and its intensity can change as the airway irritation settles.

A cough is a protective reflex, not a diagnosis. COVID-19 is one possible cause, while other viral infections, asthma, reflux, allergies, and airway irritants can also trigger it.

When a cough occurs alongside symptoms of an infection, follow current local public-health advice on testing, staying away from others, and returning to usual activities. A clinician can help interpret symptoms in the context of your medical history.

Rest, drink fluids if appropriate for you, and avoid smoke or vaping, which can irritate the airways further. Warm drinks or simple throat-soothing measures may make a dry throat feel more comfortable.

Check with a pharmacist or clinician before using cough medicines, especially for a child, during pregnancy, or if you take regular medicines. People with lung disease or a weakened immune system may need individual advice early.

Get medical advice if the cough is worsening rather than easing, disrupts drinking or sleep severely, or is accompanied by persistent fever or dehydration. Call emergency services for trouble breathing, chest pain or pressure, new confusion, blue or grey lips, or an inability to stay awake.

Ask whether your symptoms suggest a need for testing or examination, what medicines are suitable for you, and which warning signs should change your plan. Mention any lung condition, immune treatment, pregnancy, or recent medication changes.