What causes anovulation?

Ovulation depends on signals between the brain, pituitary gland and ovaries. Disruption at any point can lead to irregular, very light or absent periods and may make conception harder. Polycystic Ovary Syndrome is a common condition associated with irregular ovulation.

Other explanations include raised prolactin, thyroid problems, major weight change, intense exercise, prolonged stress, some medicines and Premature Ovarian Insufficiency. Anovulation itself is the absence of ovulation, not a diagnosis of one single cause.

A clinician may review cycle dates, symptoms, medicines, nutrition, exercise and pregnancy possibility. Assessment can include pregnancy testing, blood tests for hormones or thyroid function, and an ultrasound when appropriate.

Treatment is directed at the cause and your goals. This might involve addressing energy balance or another illness, managing Polycystic Ovary Syndrome, or discussing fertility support. Keep a record of bleeding, pain, hot flushes, nipple discharge and relevant medicines.

Arrange an appointment if periods stop or become persistently irregular, you are trying to conceive, or you develop hot flushes, vaginal dryness, severe headaches or changes in vision. Seek urgent care for sudden severe pelvic pain, fainting or heavy bleeding.

How can we check whether I am ovulating? Which causes fit my cycle history? Do I need thyroid, prolactin or ovarian-function testing? What treatment matches my fertility or contraception plans?