What should you know about wasp anaphylaxis?

A wasp sting can trigger an immune reaction throughout the body. Warning signs may include widespread hives, swelling of the lips or tongue, throat tightness, wheezing, trouble breathing, dizziness, faintness, vomiting, or sudden confusion. Breathing or circulation problems can worsen quickly, so a person may need help even if the first symptoms seem mild.

Anaphylaxis is different from a small area of pain, redness, or swelling around the sting. A severe reaction can happen after a previous sting caused little trouble. The affected person should not be left alone while help is being arranged.

Use the person’s prescribed adrenaline auto-injector immediately if anaphylaxis is suspected, following its instructions. Call emergency services and say that anaphylaxis is possible. Keep the person lying down with legs raised when practical; if breathing is difficult, allow a comfortable seated position. Do not let them stand or walk suddenly. A second prescribed injector may be needed if symptoms continue or return, according to emergency guidance.

Remove the sting only if it can be done quickly and safely, but do not delay emergency treatment. Antihistamines do not replace adrenaline for breathing, throat, or circulation symptoms. After recovery, an allergy specialist can discuss allergy testing, avoidance, and an emergency action plan.

Seek emergency help immediately for breathing difficulty, wheezing, throat or tongue swelling, faintness, collapse, blue or pale skin, or symptoms affecting more than one body system after a sting. Even if symptoms improve after adrenaline, medical assessment is needed because the reaction can return.

Ask whether you need allergy testing, adrenaline auto-injectors, a written emergency plan, and referral to an allergy specialist. Confirm when to carry the injector, how family members should use it, and what precautions are sensible outdoors.