What should you know about a urine routine examination test?

The examination can describe colour and clarity and test for acidity, concentration, protein, glucose, ketones, blood, white cells and nitrite. Some laboratories also review the sample under a microscope. An unusual result is a clue, not a diagnosis. Concentrated urine can change its appearance, and blood may come from the urinary tract or from contamination during collection. A result should be read alongside symptoms such as burning, urgency, frequency or pain.

Use the container supplied by the laboratory. Wash your hands, follow any cleaning instructions, collect the requested portion without touching the inside, and close the lid firmly. Return the sample as directed. Mention pregnancy, menstruation, recent strenuous activity, urinary devices and medicines. If the result suggests infection, the clinician may request culture before choosing [Antibiotic Treatment](/treatments/medical-management/antibiotic-treatment/). More detail is available in [Urine Test](/treatments/diagnostics-and-screening/urine-test/).

Contact a healthcare professional promptly for fever with urinary symptoms, new flank pain, visible blood, vomiting, confusion or inability to urinate. Men with troublesome weak flow or retention may also need assessment for causes such as [Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia](/conditions/benign-prostatic-hyperplasia/).

Ask which finding needs follow-up, whether the sample quality was adequate, and whether you need culture, blood testing or imaging. Ask when to repeat the examination if symptoms or an abnormal result persist.