What should you know about superficial infrapatellar bursa?

The bursa cushions movement between the skin and tissues over the upper shin. Repeated kneeling, crawling, floor work, a blow to the front of the knee, or friction from clothing can inflame it. You may notice a soft or firm swelling below the kneecap, tenderness when kneeling, and discomfort when the area is pressed. This problem is different from pain deep inside the knee joint, though both can occur together. A clinician may check the skin, range of motion and nearby tendon, and may consider infection or another source of swelling.

Pause kneeling and use a padded surface or a change in task position when work requires getting low. Avoid tight straps or clothing that rub the front of the knee. Gentle knee movement is reasonable if it remains comfortable; forcing a deep bend can increase pressure. A wrapped cold pack used briefly may ease soreness. Do not massage hard over the lump or attempt to drain it yourself. Medical treatment may include an appropriate anti-inflammatory medicine, and selected cases may be considered for injection or aspiration after an examination.

Book a clinical review when swelling persists, interferes with work or walking, or returns after activity changes. Seek prompt care for spreading redness, warmth, marked swelling, drainage, fever or feeling unwell, because an infected bursa needs specific treatment. Get urgent evaluation after a significant injury, if you cannot put weight on the leg, or if the knee becomes suddenly very painful or difficult to move.

Ask whether the swelling is superficial infrapatellar bursitis or a tendon, joint or skin problem. Ask how long to avoid kneeling, whether you need a work modification or protective padding, and whether fluid testing or imaging is appropriate. Clarify which symptoms mean infection or a more urgent knee injury.