What should you know about sun stroke causes?

Direct sun is not required: hot weather, high humidity, strenuous activity, heavy clothing or a poorly ventilated space can all add heat load. Dehydration makes cooling harder, while alcohol and some medicines may affect sweating, alertness or fluid balance. Young children, older adults and people with chronic illness may need extra protection, but anyone can become dangerously overheated.

Leave the hot environment, rest in shade or air conditioning, loosen clothing and use cool water and airflow on the skin. During hot conditions, take regular breaks, drink according to thirst, and avoid intense exercise in the hottest part of the day. If someone becomes confused or faints, call emergency services and start cooling rather than asking them to walk or drive.

Confusion, unusual behaviour, seizure, collapse, severe weakness or difficulty staying awake indicates a medical emergency after heat exposure. Seek urgent help for these signs even when sweating continues. A GP Consultation is suitable for prevention planning or lingering mild symptoms, not for delaying emergency care when brain function is affected.

Ask whether your medicines or health conditions alter heat risk, how to plan outdoor work or exercise, and how much cooling time you should allow after symptoms. Mention recent vomiting, diarrhoea, fever or reduced drinking because these can worsen fluid loss.