Stomach flu and gastroenteritis

Gastroenteritis may be caused by an infection or irritation. Nausea, abdominal cramps, loose stools, vomiting, fever and loss of appetite can appear together or at different times. The term stomach flu does not mean influenza has infected the stomach. Similar symptoms can come from several causes, so severe, unusual or persistent illness should be assessed rather than labelled from symptoms alone.

Rest and take small sips of water or an oral rehydration drink. After vomiting eases, try modest portions of foods that feel manageable. Avoid alcohol and wash hands with soap and water after the toilet and before handling food. Clean bathroom surfaces and do not prepare meals for other people while you are ill.

Get urgent help for severe abdominal pain, blood in vomit or stool, fainting, confusion, inability to keep fluids down, or very little urine. Contact a clinician when fever persists, symptoms are worsening, or the person affected is a baby, older adult, pregnant, or medically vulnerable.

Ask what cause is most consistent with the timing and symptoms, whether dehydration needs treatment, and which medicines are suitable. Mention recent antibiotics, travel, food exposures, sick contacts, fever, pain and changes in urine.