Viral stomach bug

Viruses inflame the stomach and bowel, leading to nausea, vomiting, watery diarrhoea, cramps, fever or reduced appetite. Rotavirus is one virus that can cause gastroenteritis, particularly in children. The illness can spread through tiny particles from vomit or stool on hands, food and surfaces. Symptoms may begin abruptly, and dehydration can develop when fluid loss is greater than intake.

Sip water or an oral rehydration drink regularly; small amounts can be easier to keep down than a full glass. Rest and eat bland, familiar foods when ready, without forcing food during active nausea. Wash hands carefully with soap and water after using the toilet and before eating. Clean contaminated surfaces and avoid close food handling while ill. Antibiotics do not treat a viral infection.

Get urgent help for fainting, confusion, severe weakness, no or very little urine, blood in vomit or stool, severe abdominal pain, or inability to keep fluids down. Ask for medical advice early for infants, older adults, pregnancy or significant chronic illness. Clinical review is also sensible when fever is persistent, symptoms worsen or recovery does not begin.

Ask how to recognise dehydration, which fluids are appropriate, and whether a child’s or adult’s symptoms need examination or testing.