What should you know about stomach bug transmission?

Gastroenteritis may pass from one person to another when tiny particles from vomit or stool reach the mouth, directly or through hands, food, bathroom fixtures and shared objects. Some causes are acquired from contaminated food or water rather than a sick household member. Rotavirus is one infectious cause. A person can spread illness while symptoms are present, so prevention should continue during recovery and follow local clinical advice.

Wash hands thoroughly with soap and water after using the toilet, changing nappies and cleaning vomit, and before preparing or eating food. Clean frequently touched bathroom surfaces and launder soiled clothing or bedding separately when possible. Do not share towels, cups or cutlery. Avoid preparing food for other people while ill. Keep drinking vessels and medicines separate, and ask a clinician when it is reasonable to return to work, school or childcare.

Transmission precautions do not replace medical care. Seek urgent help for severe dehydration, confusion, fainting, severe abdominal pain, blood in vomit or stool, or inability to keep fluids down. Contact a clinician if symptoms are worsening, fever is concerning, or illness affects a baby, older adult, pregnant person or someone with significant medical problems. A clinician can also advise if several people become ill after the same meal or water exposure.

Ask how long to avoid food preparation, which cleaning steps are appropriate, and when work, school or childcare can safely resume. Mention household contacts, shared meals, travel, water exposure and the time symptoms began.