What should you know about spasmodic angina?

Spasmodic angina, also called variant angina, happens when a coronary artery briefly narrows because its muscular wall goes into spasm. Reduced blood flow can cause pressure, squeezing, or [Chest Tightness](/symptoms/chest-tightness/), often at rest or during the night rather than only after exercise. Episodes may settle, but the condition can affect heart rhythm and requires a clinician’s evaluation. It is different from the broader category of [Angina](/conditions/angina/), which includes chest pain from other patterns of reduced blood flow.

Record when the discomfort starts, how long it lasts, what you were doing, and whether breathlessness, sweating, nausea, or palpitations occur. Arrange prompt medical assessment rather than trying to identify the cause from symptoms alone. Testing may include an [Electrocardiogram](/treatments/diagnostics-and-screening/ecg/) and other heart checks. Take prescribed medicines exactly as directed; treatment may address artery spasm and cardiovascular risks such as [Hypertension](/conditions/hypertension/). Do not stop heart medicine without advice.

Call emergency services for chest pressure or tightness that is severe, lasts longer than expected, returns repeatedly, or comes with breathlessness, fainting, sweating, nausea, or pain spreading to the arm, back, neck, or jaw. Do not drive yourself. Even a short episode needs urgent advice if it is new, becoming more frequent, or different from your usual pattern.

Ask what evidence supports coronary spasm, which tests are appropriate, how to use any prescribed relief medicine, and which triggers to avoid. Discuss whether [Blood Pressure Medication](/treatments/medical-management/blood-pressure-medication/) or [Statin Therapy](/treatments/medical-management/statin-therapy/) is relevant to your overall risk.