Small copper coil: what to know

The copper coil, also called a copper IUD, is a small device that releases copper in the uterus. Copper interferes with sperm movement and fertilisation. It does not contain hormones and does not protect against sexually transmitted infections. The device is fitted through the cervix by a trained clinician; thin threads extend into the vagina so its position can be checked and removal can be performed. A copper IUD device page can help you review the material and design.

Before fitting, discuss your periods, pelvic infections, pregnancy possibility, and any uterine problems. Afterward, cramping and changes to bleeding may settle as your body adjusts. Follow the fitting instructions, check the threads only if your clinician recommends it, and attend any planned review. If heavier or more painful periods would be difficult for you, ask about a hormonal coil as an alternative. A coil can be removed when you want to change contraception or try to become pregnant.

Contact a clinician urgently for severe or worsening pelvic pain, fever, unusual-smelling discharge, very heavy bleeding, faintness, or concern that the coil has moved. Seek prompt advice for a positive pregnancy test while the coil is in place, especially with pain or bleeding. Do not pull on the threads or attempt removal yourself.

Is a copper coil suitable with my period pattern and medical history? What should I expect after fitting? How can I tell if it has moved, and when should it be removed or reviewed?