Sharp headache at the back of the head: what to know

Pain near the base of the skull can follow prolonged screen use, an awkward sleeping position, jaw clenching or tight neck muscles. Migraine may cause throbbing or stabbing pain with nausea or sensitivity to light. Viral illnesses can bring headache with fever, congestion, cough or body aches; related reading includes Common Cold and COVID-19. Dehydration and Heat Exhaustion can also cause headache, especially after heat, sweating or limited fluid intake. Generalised Anxiety Disorder may be associated with muscle tension and recurrent headaches. The exact location does not identify one cause by itself.

Pause strenuous activity and rest in a quiet, dim room. Sip fluids if you can keep them down, move your neck gently, and use a cool or warm compress according to which feels better. Keep a note of when the pain began, its duration, triggers, severity, and symptoms such as fever, vomiting, weakness or visual change. Use only pain relief that is suitable for you and follow the label; avoid repeatedly taking it without medical advice. Arrange a clinical assessment if headaches recur, steadily worsen, follow an injury, or interfere with normal activities.

Seek emergency help for a sudden severe headache that peaks quickly, or headache with fainting, confusion, seizure, new weakness or numbness, trouble speaking, loss of vision, a stiff neck with fever, or repeated vomiting. Get prompt assessment after a head injury, during pregnancy, or if you have a weakened immune system. A new headache with high fever or a widespread rash also needs urgent attention. Do not drive yourself if neurological symptoms or severe dizziness are present.

Ask: Could neck movement or migraine explain this pattern? Which warning symptoms should make me seek emergency care? What pain relief is appropriate with my medicines or health conditions? Do I need an examination, eye check or further tests if the pain returns?