How to reduce keloid scars

A keloid is firm, raised scar tissue that extends beyond the original cut, piercing, burn, acne spot, or other injury. It may itch, feel tender, or continue enlarging after the wound has closed. A clinician distinguishes it from a hypertrophic scar, which stays within the wound edges, and from other skin lumps. The location, age of the scar, symptoms, skin type, and any previous treatment influence the plan.

Do not cut, pierce, scratch, or repeatedly irritate a keloid without a treatment plan. Silicone gel or sheets may be recommended for a healing wound or established scar, with consistent use guided by a clinician. Steroid injection into the skin can soften and flatten a keloid; pulsed dye or fractional laser treatment may target redness, texture, or thickness in selected cases. Cryotherapy can freeze scar tissue. Excision may be considered for a troublesome lesion, but removal alone can allow a keloid to return, so combination treatment and follow-up are often discussed. Protect the area from sun to reduce persistent colour change.

Arrange a dermatology review if a scar is growing beyond the wound, becomes painful or itchy, limits movement, or catches on clothing. Seek earlier assessment for bleeding, ulceration, rapid change, warmth, pus, or fever, because these findings may reflect infection or another diagnosis. A new lump after a procedure should be checked before home treatment.

Ask whether the raised area is a keloid or another scar type, which treatment fits its location and thickness, and whether combination care is advisable. Discuss recurrence prevention, pigment changes, discomfort, healing time, and how future piercings or procedures could affect your skin.