Chickenpox: recognising it and what to do

Chickenpox often begins with feeling unwell or fever before itchy spots develop. The spots can become fluid-filled blisters, then crust as they heal; new spots may appear while older ones are changing. The rash can affect the face, scalp, trunk, and limbs. Shingles is a different pattern caused by the same virus becoming active later, typically with a painful band on one side. A clinician may need to distinguish chickenpox from other causes of Fever or Skin Blisters.

Encourage fluids, keep fingernails short, and use loose clothing. A cool bath or cool compress may soothe itch. Avoid scratching and do not share towels, clothing, or bedding. Keep away from people who are pregnant, newborn, or immunocompromised until a clinician confirms the contagious period has ended. Speak with a GP about suitable symptom relief; oral antihistamine therapy or antiviral treatment may be considered for selected people and timing matters. Do not give medicines to a child without checking the label or a clinician.

Contact a GP promptly if the diagnosis is uncertain, the person is very young, pregnant, immunocompromised, or has a chronic condition that raises concern. Seek urgent help for breathing difficulty, confusion, severe drowsiness, stiff neck, repeated vomiting, dehydration, severe headache, or a rash that becomes very red, hot, swollen, or painful. Get advice if blisters affect the eyes or if fever returns after improving. Ask about Chickenpox Vaccination for prevention and future planning.

Does this rash fit Chickenpox or another blistering illness? How long should we avoid close contact? Is antiviral treatment appropriate, and which itch relief is suitable for this person?