Pressure behind the eyes with a headache: what to know

Nasal congestion from a cold, allergic rhinitis or sinus inflammation can create facial pressure, often with a blocked or runny nose. Dehydration, heat exposure, long periods of screen use, poor sleep and tension around the scalp or jaw can also contribute. A headache may occur with viral illness, including COVID-19. Pressure alone cannot identify the cause; the pattern, duration and accompanying symptoms matter.

Rest in a quiet, comfortable room, drink fluids if you can, take screen breaks and avoid heat. Saline nasal rinsing may help congestion when performed with safe, prepared water. Use a simple pain reliever only if it is suitable for you and follow the label. Arrange medical advice if headaches keep returning, last longer than expected, or do not respond to usual self-care.

Seek emergency help for a sudden severe headache, loss of vision, a painful red eye, weakness, confusion, fainting, stiff neck, repeated vomiting or trouble speaking. Prompt assessment is also needed for fever with worsening facial swelling, headache after a head injury, or symptoms during significant heat illness. Do not drive if vision is affected.

Tell the clinician when the pressure began, whether it affects one or both eyes, and whether you have congestion, fever, light sensitivity, eye redness or vision change. Ask whether your medicines, glasses, allergies or blood pressure could be contributing and what follow-up is appropriate.