Pertussis prevention: practical steps

Pertussis spreads through respiratory droplets and close contact. People can pass it on before the distinctive coughing pattern is recognised, which is why an unexplained prolonged cough should be assessed rather than ignored.

Vaccination lowers the chance of illness but does not remove every possibility of infection. Protection may change over time, and household plans depend on the ages and health conditions of the people involved, especially young infants and those with breathing problems.

Keep vaccinations up to date according to local clinical guidance, and take records to an appointment if the history is unclear. Cover coughs with a tissue or the elbow, wash hands after coughing or blowing the nose, improve indoor airflow, and avoid sharing drinks or utensils.

If pertussis is suspected, contact a clinician promptly and ask when work, school, visitors, or close contact can safely resume. Prescribed antibiotics may reduce transmission when used at the appropriate stage; never share medicines with another person.

Seek urgent help when a person exposed to pertussis develops breathing difficulty, repeated gasping, blue or grey lips, fainting, confusion, or cannot drink because of coughing. Contact a clinician quickly after exposure if the household includes an infant, pregnant person, older adult, or someone with significant medical conditions.

Ask whether vaccination is up to date, whether close contacts need preventive treatment, how long precautions should continue, and which symptoms in a household member require same-day assessment.