What should you know about minor anaphylaxis?

Anaphylaxis is a serious, rapidly developing allergic reaction. Early features may include hives, flushing, swelling of the lips or tongue, throat tightness, cough, wheezing, vomiting, dizziness, or sudden weakness. Breathing or circulation problems can appear even when the first symptom seems limited.

Food allergy, medicines, insect stings, and other triggers can cause anaphylaxis. Skin symptoms may be absent, so do not dismiss a reaction because there is no rash. A person with asthma may notice wheezing or worsening chest tightness.

Use an adrenaline auto-injector immediately if one has been prescribed for the person and anaphylaxis is suspected. Call emergency services, state that anaphylaxis is possible, and follow the dispatcher’s instructions. Keep the person lying down with legs raised when tolerated; allow sitting only if breathing is difficult, and do not let them stand or walk.

If symptoms continue or return and a second prescribed injector is available, follow the emergency plan. Do not rely on antihistamines alone, food or drink, or an inhaler as a substitute for adrenaline and emergency assessment.

Seek emergency care for any suspected anaphylaxis, especially breathing difficulty, throat or tongue swelling, wheezing, faintness, confusion, blue lips, or collapse. Symptoms can recur after initial improvement, so the person needs medical observation even if the injection helps.

Ask what trigger is suspected, how to use and replace your auto-injector, and which symptoms require a second dose. Request a written emergency plan, advice for family or colleagues, and referral for allergy testing when appropriate.