What should you know about mild bleeding after sex?

Small amounts of blood may follow friction, dryness, a sensitive cervix, or inflammation. [Chlamydia](/conditions/chlamydia/) and other infections can present with bleeding after sex, sometimes with discharge, pelvic pain, or pain when passing urine. Hormonal changes around menopause can make vaginal tissue more fragile; this is seen in [Genitourinary Syndrome of Menopause](/conditions/genitourinary-syndrome-of-menopause/). Less commonly, cervical or vaginal abnormal cells can present with bleeding, which is why symptoms should not be self-diagnosed as irritation.

Note when the bleeding occurs, how long it lasts, whether it follows penetration, and any pain or discharge. Arrange a clinical assessment if it happens again, occurs without an obvious cause, or you are overdue for screening. Examination may include looking at the vagina and cervix, pregnancy testing, or infection tests. Further investigation is guided by the findings; a [Cone Biopsy](/treatments/gynaecological-surgery/cone-biopsy/) is used only in selected cervical circumstances.

Seek urgent care for heavy bleeding, severe pelvic or abdominal pain, faintness, fever, or bleeding during pregnancy. Arrange prompt review for bleeding after menopause or bleeding that keeps returning. A symptom can have a benign cause, but persistent bleeding should still be checked.

Could dryness, infection, or a cervical change explain this? Do I need an examination or infection test? Am I up to date with screening, and what follow-up is appropriate?