How is dandruff treated?

Dandruff causes visible scalp flakes, and may occur with itch or an oily scalp. It is often linked to scalp oil, yeast activity, and sensitivity to inflammation. More persistent redness or scale around the hairline, ears, eyebrows, or nose can suggest seborrheic dermatitis rather than simple dandruff. The scalp may need consistent treatment even after flakes become less obvious.

A medicated shampoo may contain an antifungal or another ingredient that loosens scale and calms the scalp. Follow its label or clinician's directions, work it into the scalp rather than only the hair, and leave it on for the advised contact time before rinsing. Alternate products only with guidance if one irritates you. Avoid picking flakes, very hot water, and heavy styling products that worsen buildup.

Arrange an appointment if the scalp is sore, bleeding, crusted, markedly red, or losing hair in patches. Medical review is also appropriate when careful shampoo use does not settle the problem or when scale affects the face and ears. Seek prompt care for pus, rapidly spreading redness, fever, or severe pain.

Ask which shampoo ingredient suits your scalp, how often to use it during a flare and for maintenance, and whether a short course of topical antifungal treatment is appropriate for nearby skin.