How does ICSI work?

The cycle usually begins with medicines that help develop eggs, followed by monitoring and egg collection. A semen sample is assessed, and an embryologist selects a sperm. Using a fine laboratory needle, the sperm is placed inside a mature egg. The eggs are then observed for fertilisation and early development. Embryos may continue growing in culture before a transfer or freezing decision is made.

ICSI can be considered when sperm number, movement or shape makes fertilisation difficult, or when previous IVF fertilisation was limited. A semen analysis helps the team understand the male fertility picture. ICSI is one fertilisation method within assisted reproduction; IVF without sperm injection may be appropriate in other circumstances.

Ask the clinic how to use stimulation medicines, when monitoring takes place, and how egg collection and the sperm sample are coordinated. Take medicines exactly as prescribed and tell the team about health conditions or supplements. After collection, follow instructions about rest, activity and warning symptoms. Ask when you will receive fertilisation and embryo-development updates, and what the plan is for transfer or storage.

After fertility medicines or egg collection, contact your clinic for worsening abdominal swelling or pain, persistent vomiting, reduced urine, fever, heavy bleeding or breathlessness. Seek urgent help for severe pain, fainting, chest pain or sudden breathing difficulty.

Ask why ICSI is being suggested, how sperm and eggs will be assessed, how embryos will be cultured, when transfer may occur, and what alternatives are suitable for you.