Holocranial headache: what to know

Pain across the head can occur with tension, a viral illness, dehydration, heat exhaustion, sinus or allergy symptoms, poor sleep, eye strain or stress. It may also accompany more serious problems, so the location alone does not identify the cause. A headache with fever, congestion or facial pressure can occur with a common cold, allergic rhinitis or chronic sinusitis; other illnesses, including COVID-19 or dengue fever, may need different care.

Record when the pain began, how quickly it reached its peak, where it spreads, what makes it worse, and any nausea, fever, light sensitivity, weakness or visual change. This gives a clinician more useful information than describing it only as a whole-head headache.

Rest in a quiet room, drink fluids if dehydration is possible, eat if you have missed meals, and reduce screen or glare exposure. Use pain relief only according to the label and your own medical advice; avoid repeatedly taking it on many days because frequent use can perpetuate headaches. Do not drive if dizziness or visual symptoms are present.

Arrange a review if headaches keep returning, change pattern, interfere with normal activities or need frequent pain medicine. Mention recent travel, heat exposure, infection symptoms, new medicines and any history of migraine or anxiety.

Seek emergency help for a sudden explosive headache, new weakness or numbness, trouble speaking, confusion, seizure, fainting, stiff neck with fever, severe eye pain or a headache after a significant head injury. Prompt assessment is also needed if you are severely dehydrated, very unwell with fever, or have a new headache during pregnancy or with a weakened immune system.

Ask what pattern your headache suggests, whether examination or testing is needed, which pain medicines are suitable, and which changes should bring you back urgently.