Ways to manage acid reflux

Acid reflux happens when stomach contents move back into the oesophagus, causing burning behind the breastbone, a sour taste, burping, or irritation in the throat. It can also be linked with cough or difficulty sleeping. A hiatus hernia, some medicines, large meals, and pressure on the stomach can contribute. Chest symptoms have several possible causes, so do not assume that chest tightness is reflux.

Notice which foods, drinks, and meal sizes trigger symptoms, then reduce those triggers without cutting out broad food groups unnecessarily. Eat slowly, avoid lying down soon after eating, and raise the head end of the bed if symptoms disturb sleep. Stop smoking if you smoke. A pharmacist or doctor can advise on an antacid or other medicine and check whether another medicine is contributing. Seek advice before changing prescribed treatment.

Arrange a review if symptoms keep returning, need frequent self-treatment, or cause swallowing difficulty, food sticking, repeated vomiting, or unexplained weight loss. Seek emergency help for severe or new chest pain, chest pressure with sweating or breathlessness, vomiting blood, or black stools.

Could my symptoms be reflux or another condition? Which treatment fits my symptoms and other medicines? Do I need assessment for a hiatus hernia or persistent cough?