Help for a blocked nose

Nasal congestion happens when the lining inside the nose swells or when mucus narrows the air passages. A common cold may cause a short-lived blocked nose, while allergic rhinitis can cause sneezing, itching and watery discharge. Sinusitis or chronic sinusitis may add facial pressure, reduced smell or thick mucus. House dust mite allergy is one possible indoor trigger. Snoring and mouth breathing can follow congestion, although obstructive sleep apnoea needs separate assessment when breathing pauses or marked daytime tiredness occur.

Drink regularly and use a saline spray or rinse according to its instructions; use sterile, distilled or previously boiled and cooled water for a nasal rinse. Keep smoke, strong scents and known allergens away from your sleeping area. Raising your head slightly may make rest easier. A pharmacist or clinician can explain whether allergy medication is suitable. Avoid using decongestant nasal sprays for longer than the product advises, because overuse can worsen blockage. Seek advice before treating a child, during pregnancy, or if you have another medical condition.

Arrange a clinical review if congestion lasts beyond a usual cold, keeps returning, affects sleep, or comes with facial pain, fever, reduced smell or one-sided discharge. Seek urgent help for severe breathing difficulty, swelling around the eyes, confusion, a severe headache, or a blocked nose after a significant injury. A clinician can examine the nose and decide whether allergy, infection, a structural problem or sleep-related breathing needs attention.

Could an allergy or sinus condition explain my symptoms? Is a saline rinse or allergy medication appropriate for me? How long should I use any nasal spray? Do my night symptoms suggest a sleep-breathing problem?