Heart failure with reduced ejection fraction: what to know

Ejection fraction is a measurement from a heart scan that describes how much blood the main pumping chamber pushes out when it contracts. A reduced result suggests weaker pumping, but the number is interpreted alongside symptoms, examination findings and other tests.

People may notice breathlessness, tiredness, a cough, ankle swelling or a fast or irregular heartbeat. Heart failure is a long-term condition, yet symptoms can change when fluid builds up, a rhythm problem develops, blood pressure is uncontrolled, or another illness places extra strain on the heart.

Arrange a clinical review to discuss the scan result, symptoms, blood pressure, kidney function and current medicines. Take an up-to-date medicine list and mention non-prescription painkillers or supplements, because some products can affect fluid balance or kidney function.

Follow the agreed plan, take medicines as directed, and record changes such as increasing breathlessness, swelling, weight, sleep position or exercise tolerance. A chronic disease review can help coordinate monitoring and adjustments. Do not stop a heart medicine suddenly without medical advice.

Seek emergency help for severe or rapidly worsening breathlessness, chest pressure, fainting, new confusion, blue or grey lips, or an inability to speak in full sentences. Sit upright while waiting and follow local emergency instructions.

Contact your clinician promptly if swelling is increasing, you need more pillows to breathe, your cough is worsening, or palpitations are new or persistent. These changes can signal fluid build-up or a rhythm problem and deserve assessment.

Ask what your ejection fraction result means, which symptoms should trigger a call, how your medicines will be monitored, and whether you need repeat heart imaging. Ask how to manage activity, salt and fluids for your individual situation.