Heart failure symptoms

When the heart cannot pump or fill effectively, pressure and fluid may build up in the lungs or body tissues. This can cause breathlessness during activity or when lying down, a cough, and swollen ankles. Reduced blood flow can contribute to fatigue, weakness, and difficulty completing familiar tasks.

Symptoms vary between people and can build gradually, so a change from your usual ability matters. Palpitations may point to a rhythm problem that needs assessment. These symptoms have many possible causes, so they do not diagnose heart failure on their own.

Arrange a medical assessment for persistent or unexplained breathlessness, swelling, tiredness, or reduced stamina. Record when symptoms occur, what activity brings them on, whether lying flat changes breathing, and any medicine changes. A clinician may examine you and arrange heart rhythm checks, blood tests, or an echocardiogram. Continue prescribed treatment unless advised otherwise.

Call emergency services for severe breathlessness at rest, chest pressure, fainting, sudden confusion, blue or grey lips, or an inability to speak comfortably. A sudden rapid or irregular heartbeat with weakness, chest discomfort, or breathlessness also needs urgent assessment. Sit upright and avoid driving yourself if symptoms are severe.

Ask which symptoms should be recorded, what tests may clarify the cause, how to recognise worsening congestion, and who to contact outside a routine appointment.