How to heal your headache

Headache is a symptom rather than one single illness. The quality, location, timing, and associated symptoms provide useful clues. Congestion or facial pressure may occur with Allergic Rhinitis, Chronic Sinusitis, or a Common Cold. Fever, body aches, or respiratory symptoms can occur with COVID-19, while poor fluid intake and heat exposure can contribute through Dehydration or Heat Exhaustion. Dengue Fever and other illnesses can also cause headache with fever, so the wider pattern matters. Anxiety may add muscle tension or disrupt sleep without proving that anxiety is the cause.

Rest somewhere quiet, drink water gradually, and have a light meal if you have not eaten. Reduce glare and prolonged screen viewing; gentle neck movement may help when muscles feel tight. If you use an over-the-counter pain reliever, check that it is safe with your health conditions, pregnancy status, and other medicines, then follow the label. Do not repeatedly take pain medicine without advice, because frequent use can maintain headaches. Note possible triggers and accompanying symptoms for a clinician.

Seek emergency help for a sudden severe headache, new weakness or numbness, confusion, fainting, seizure, difficulty speaking, vision loss, a stiff neck, or repeated vomiting. Prompt assessment is also needed for headache after injury, with a high fever or rash, during pregnancy or soon after birth, or when the pain is progressively worsening. Fever after travel or possible mosquito exposure should be discussed urgently, especially if you feel markedly unwell.

What features of my headache help identify its cause? Do I need an examination or testing? Which medicines are safe for me, and what warning signs mean I should seek urgent help?