Headache due to a cold

A cold often causes a blocked or runny nose, sneezing, sore throat and cough. Swelling in the nasal passages can create pressure around the forehead or face, and fever, interrupted sleep or dehydration can intensify a headache. Allergic rhinitis may resemble a cold when sneezing and itchy eyes dominate without feeling generally unwell. Ongoing facial pressure or thick nasal discharge may need assessment for sinus disease. COVID-19 can also cause headache with respiratory or general symptoms, so recent exposure and local testing advice may be relevant.

Rest, drink fluids regularly and use saline nasal spray or gentle steam from a safe distance for congestion. Eat small nourishing meals and avoid smoking. A pharmacist can advise on a suitable pain reliever or nasal treatment after checking your age, medical history and other medicines. Do not combine several cold products without checking their ingredients.

Seek emergency help for a sudden extreme headache, stiff neck with fever, confusion, fainting, new weakness, breathing difficulty or a blue tinge to the lips. Arrange a medical review if the headache is severe, keeps returning, symptoms worsen after initial improvement, or fever and congestion persist beyond the expected illness.

Do my symptoms fit a cold, allergy, sinus problem or another infection? Is testing useful? Which medicines are suitable with my existing conditions?