Gout inflammation: what happens in a flare

When urate crystals collect in joint fluid, the immune system reacts to them. This can make the joint hot, tender, and difficult to move. The inflammation may affect a toe, ankle, knee, wrist, or hand, and the skin over it can become red and sensitive. A flare can settle, then return later if the underlying urate problem is not addressed. Similar inflammation may follow injury or infection, so symptoms alone cannot confirm gout. Assessment is especially useful when the affected joint or pattern is new.

Explore [Gout](/conditions/gout/) for the condition behind these flares. [Joint Pain](/symptoms/joint-pain/) and [Joint Swelling](/symptoms/joint-swelling/) describe symptoms that can have several causes.

Rest the inflamed joint, protect it from pressure, and raise it if that feels comfortable. A cool pack wrapped in cloth can reduce discomfort for brief periods. Keep up normal hydration unless your clinician has prescribed fluid limits. Avoid crash dieting or sudden changes to eating patterns, and discuss alcohol and food triggers rather than blaming one item. A clinician can choose anti-inflammatory treatment based on your kidney function, stomach health, cardiovascular history, and other medicines.

Seek same-day care for a new hot swollen joint, severe pain, fever, chills, a nearby wound, or rapidly worsening redness. Infection can mimic a gout flare. Arrange review if flares keep returning, a joint remains swollen between attacks, or hard lumps develop around it. Sudden weakness, numbness, or a pale or blue limb needs urgent attention.

Ask how gout will be confirmed, whether urate-lowering treatment is suitable, and what to do at the first sign of another flare. Discuss kidney health, medicines, and [Obesity](/conditions/obesity/) if they may affect your plan.