How to get rid of dandruff

Dandruff is scalp flaking that may appear as white or yellowish scale, sometimes with itch or mild redness. Oil, skin-cell turnover, and sensitivity to naturally occurring scalp microbes can all influence it. Seborrheic dermatitis can cause more persistent scale and redness and may also affect the eyebrows, ears, nose folds, or beard area. An itchy scalp or flaky scalp can have other causes, including irritation from hair products or psoriasis.

Wash the scalp regularly and massage shampoo onto the scalp rather than only the hair lengths. A medicated shampoo may contain an antifungal or another scale-controlling ingredient; follow its label or a clinician's directions and allow contact time when instructed. Alternate products only if advised, and stop a product that causes marked burning, swelling, or a rash. Avoid scratching, picking scale, and applying irritating oils or fragranced products. If flakes persist, topical antifungal treatment or another diagnosis-specific plan may be appropriate.

Arrange a review when dandruff does not settle with careful shampoo use, returns quickly, or causes thick plaques, bleeding, hair loss, marked redness, or pain. Seek prompt care for facial swelling, breathing difficulty, or a rapidly spreading product reaction. A clinician can examine the scalp and choose treatment for infection, dermatitis, psoriasis, or contact irritation.

Does this look like dandruff or seborrheic dermatitis? Which medicated shampoo should I use, and how long should it stay on? Would topical antifungal treatment help, and how should I manage flare-ups?