Full hysterectomy surgery: what to know

A hysterectomy can be performed through small abdominal cuts, a larger abdominal incision, or through the vagina. The choice depends on the size and position of the womb, the reason for surgery, previous operations, and the surgeon's assessment. The ovaries and fallopian tubes may be left in place or removed; this is a separate decision from removing the womb and cervix.

Hysterectomy may treat adenomyosis, endometriosis, fibroids, heavy bleeding, or selected cancers and precancerous conditions. It ends menstrual bleeding and means pregnancy is no longer possible. Your team should explain the expected effects before you consent.

Ask about eating and drinking before admission, medicines that need adjusting, the expected hospital stay, and the amount of help you will need at home. Arrange transport and support with meals, children, pets, and lifting. Pack loose clothes and keep your discharge instructions accessible.

During recovery, walk gently as advised, rest between activities, keep any incision cared for as instructed, and take pain relief according to the prescription. Do not return to driving, heavy lifting, work, or vaginal sex until your surgical team says it is appropriate for your recovery.

Seek prompt medical advice for increasing abdominal pain, heavy bleeding, fever, foul-smelling discharge, vomiting that prevents fluids, difficulty passing urine, or a wound that is hot, red, or opening. Sudden chest pain, severe breathlessness, collapse, or a swollen painful leg needs emergency assessment.

Ask why hysterectomy is recommended, which organs will be removed, which route is planned, what alternatives exist, how fertility and menopause may be affected, and which symptoms should trigger an urgent call after discharge.