Flu and cough treatment: what to know

Treatment depends on whether symptoms fit uncomplicated flu or another problem such as a cold, acute bronchitis, asthma flare, reflux or allergy. A clinician may assess breathing, listen to the chest, and decide whether testing or prescription treatment is appropriate. Some people with higher medical risk may be considered for antiviral treatment early in the illness. Antibiotics are not useful for flu itself, although a bacterial complication can require a different plan.

Cough medicines have limited roles and are not suitable for everyone. A pharmacist can check ingredients, especially when combination cold remedies might duplicate painkillers or affect another medicine.

Rest, sip fluids, use warm drinks for throat comfort, and avoid tobacco smoke. Use fever or pain relief only as directed on the label and ask a pharmacist about safe choices for children, pregnancy, liver disease, kidney disease or regular medicines. Honey may soothe cough in adults and children over one year, but never give honey to an infant under one year. Keep indoor air comfortable and reduce close contact while infectious.

Get urgent help for marked breathlessness, severe chest pain, confusion, collapse, blue lips, or difficulty staying awake. Seek prompt clinical advice if you cannot drink, symptoms worsen quickly, fever returns, or a cough becomes associated with wheezing or bloody mucus. Earlier review is sensible for infants, older adults, pregnancy, or long-term heart, lung or immune conditions.

Ask whether an antiviral is relevant, which symptom medicines fit your situation, how to avoid duplicate ingredients, and what improvement should be expected before arranging another review.