What should you know about extreme hyperpigmentation?

Darkening may follow acne, eczema, burns, wounds, or cosmetic irritation. Sun and visible light can maintain pigment, while hormonal changes and some medicines can create broader or more patterned colour changes. A dermatologist considers whether the colour is flat or raised, brown or grey, spreading or stable, and whether there is itch, scale, pain, or a changing mole. Pigment can be more persistent in darker skin tones, so gentle treatment and careful monitoring matter.

Use broad-spectrum sun protection, shade, and clothing, and avoid picking or harsh scrubs. Treat active inflammation with professional guidance before pursuing pigment procedures. Depending on the diagnosis and skin type, options may include [Hydroquinone Treatment](/treatments/medical-dermatology/topical-hydroquinone-therapy/), [Skin Brightening Treatment](/treatments/aesthetic-procedures/skin-brightening-treatment/), a [Chemical Peel](/treatments/aesthetic-procedures/chemical-peel/), [IPL Photofacial](/treatments/laser-and-energy/ipl-photofacial/), or [Picosecond Laser Treatment](/treatments/laser-and-energy/picosecond-laser-treatment/). Do not use strong bleaching products from unverified sources.

Arrange prompt assessment for rapidly spreading or unexplained darkening, pigment with pain, bleeding, ulceration, a changing solitary spot, or new symptoms elsewhere in the body. Seek urgent care for severe swelling, blistering, or a serious reaction after a product or procedure. Routine review can identify the cause and prevent repeated inflammation.

What pattern of pigmentation do I have, and what caused it? Could a medicine or skin condition be involved? Which products are safe for my skin tone? Should inflammation be treated first? What risks could a peel, light treatment, or laser carry for me?